한국어
中文Uburyo bwa MJS. Kugeza ubu ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura umusingi, kuvura imyanda n’ibibazo by’ubuziranenge by’urwobo rugumana umwenda uhagarika amazi, no gutunganya amazi yinjira ku rukuta rw’inyuma rw’imiterere yo hasi. Bitewe no gukoresha imiyoboro idasanzwe hamwe n’ibikoresho byo guswera byimbere-byimbere, gusohora ku gahato mu mwobo no kugenzura umuvuduko w’ubutaka biramenyekana, kandi igitutu cy’ubutaka kigenzurwa no guhindura umubare w’ibisohoka ku gahato, ku buryo ibyondo byinjira cyane kandi umuvuduko wubutaka uragenzurwa neza, kandi umuvuduko wubutaka urahagaze neza, ibyo bigabanya amahirwe yo guhinduka hejuru mugihe cyubwubatsi kandi bigabanya cyane ingaruka kubidukikije. Igabanuka ryumuvuduko wubutaka naryo ryemeza neza diameter yikirundo.
Mbere yo kugenzura
Kuva iMJS ikirundotekinoroji yubwubatsi iragoye kandi iragoye kuruta ubundi buryo bwo gutaka, birakenewe gukurikiza byimazeyo ibisabwa mugushushanya mugihe cyubwubatsi, gukora akazi keza ko gutanga amakuru ajyanye na tekiniki n’umutekano, kandi ugakurikiza inzira zijyanye n’ibikorwa kugira ngo ubwubatsi bube bwiza .
Nyuma yo gucukura imashini, umwanya wikirundo ugomba kugenzurwa neza. Mubisanzwe, gutandukana kumwanya wigishushanyo ntibigomba kurenga 50mm, naho gutandukana guhagaritse ntigomba kurenga 1/200.
Mbere yubwubatsi busanzwe, umuvuduko nigitemba cyamazi yumuvuduko mwinshi, pompe yumuvuduko mwinshi hamwe na compressor de air, hamwe numuvuduko wo guterura, ingano ya grouting, hamwe nu mwobo wanyuma wumuyoboro wa grout mugihe cyo gutera inshinge bigenwa mugeragezwa ibirundo. Mugihe cyubwubatsi busanzwe, imiyoborere ihuriweho irashobora gukoreshwa mugukurikirana no kugenzura byikora. Kora inyandiko zirambuye zubwubatsi butandukanye kurubuga, harimo: guhindagura gucukura, ubujyakuzimu bwimbitse, inzitizi zogucukura, gusenyuka, ibipimo byakazi mugihe cyo gutera inshinge, kugaruka byihuse, nibindi, hanyuma usige amakuru yingenzi yibishusho. Muri icyo gihe, inyandiko zubwubatsi zigomba gutondekwa mugihe, kandi ibibazo bigomba kumenyeshwa no gukemurwa mugihe.
Kugirango harebwe niba nta kirundo cyo kumeneka mugihe inkoni ya drill yashenywe cyangwa akazi karahagaritswe igihe kinini kubera impamvu zimwe na zimwe, uburebure bwikirenga bwibirundo byo hejuru no hepfo mubusanzwe ntiburi munsi ya 100mm mugihe inshinge zisanzwe zongeye. .
Komeza imashini zubaka mbere yubwubatsi kugirango ugabanye ibibazo byubuziranenge biterwa no kunanirwa ibikoresho mugihe cyo kubaka. Kora imyitozo mbere yubwubatsi kubakoresha imashini kugirango bamenyere imikorere nibikorwa byibikoresho. Mugihe cyo kubaka, umuntu witanze ashinzwe imikorere yibikoresho.
Kugenzura mbere yo kubaka
Mbere yo kubaka, ibikoresho fatizo, imashini nibikoresho, hamwe nuburyo bwo gutera imiti bigomba kugenzurwa, cyane cyane mubice bikurikira:
1 Icyemezo cyiza na raporo yikizamini cyibimenyetso byibikoresho bitandukanye (harimo sima, nibindi), kuvanga amazi bigomba kuba byujuje amabwiriza abigenga;
2 Niba igipimo cyo kuvanga ibishishwa gikwiranye nubutaka nyabwo bwumushinga;
3 Niba imashini nibikoresho bisanzwe. Mbere yo kubaka, MJS impande zose zifite umuvuduko ukabije wibikoresho byindege, ibyuma byo gucukura umwobo, pompe yumuvuduko mwinshi, kuvanga ibyondo, kuvoma amazi, nibindi bigomba kugeragezwa no gukoreshwa, hamwe ninkoni ya drill (cyane cyane inkoni nyinshi) , drill bit hamwe nuyobora ibikoresho bigomba kuba bitabujijwe;
4 Reba niba uburyo bwo gutera butera imiterere ya geologiya. Mbere yo kubaka, gutera ibizamini byo gutera nabyo bigomba gukorwa. Gutera ibizamini bigomba gukorwa ahabigenewe ikirundo. Umubare wikizamini cyo gutera ikirundo ntugomba kuba munsi yimyobo 2. Nibiba ngombwa, hindura ibipimo byo gutera.
5 Mbere yo kubaka, inzitizi zo mu kuzimu zigomba kugenzurwa kimwe kugirango harebwe niba gucukura no gutera byujuje ibisabwa.
6 Reba neza ibyiyumvo byikirundo, igipimo cyumuvuduko na metero zitemba mbere yo kubaka.
Igenzura
Mugihe cyubwubatsi, hagomba kwitabwaho ibi bikurikira:
1 Reba verticale yinkoni yimyitozo, umuvuduko wogucukura, ubujyakuzimu bwa burebure, umuvuduko wumuvuduko numuvuduko wo kuzunguruka umwanya uwariwo wose kugirango urebe niba bihuye nibisabwa na raporo yikizamini cyikirundo;
2 Reba igipimo cya sima cyivanze nigipimo cyibikoresho bitandukanye hamwe nibindi bivangavanze, hanyuma wandike mubyukuri igitutu cyo gutera inshinge, umuvuduko watewe ninshinge mugihe cyo gutera inshinge;
3 Niba inyandiko zubwubatsi zuzuye. Inyandiko zubwubatsi zigomba kwandika igitutu namakuru atemba rimwe muri 1m yo guterura cyangwa aho ihurira ryubutaka bwahindutse, hanyuma igasiga amakuru yibishusho nibiba ngombwa.
Nyuma yo kugenzura
Ubwubatsi bumaze kurangira, ubutaka bwongerewe imbaraga bugomba kugenzurwa, harimo: ubusugire nuburinganire bwubutaka bwahujwe; diameter nziza yubutaka bwahujwe; imbaraga, impuzandengo ya diametre, hamwe nikirundo hagati yubutaka bwahujwe; ubudahangarwa bwubutaka bwahujwe, nibindi.
1 Igihe cyo kugenzura ubuziranenge n'ibirimo
Kubera ko ubutaka bwa sima bukomera busaba igihe runaka, muri rusange iminsi irenga 28, ibisabwa byihariye bigomba gushingira kumpapuro zabugenewe. Kubwibyo, kugenzura ubuziranenge bwaMJS guteraubwubatsi bugomba gukorwa muri rusange nyuma ya MJS yumuvuduko mwinshi windege irangiye kandi imyaka igera mugihe cyagenwe.
2 Kugenzura ubuziranenge ubwinshi n'aho biherereye
Umubare wubugenzuzi ni 1% kugeza 2% byumubare wubwubatsi butera. Ku mishinga ifite ibyobo bitageze kuri 20, byibuze hagomba kugenzurwa ingingo imwe, naho ibitagenze neza bigomba kongera guterwa. Ingingo zubugenzuzi zigomba gutegurwa ahantu hakurikira: ahantu hafite imitwaro minini, imirongo yikirundo hagati, hamwe n’ahantu ibintu bidasanzwe biboneka mugihe cyo kubaka.
3 Uburyo bwo kugenzura
Igenzura ryibirundo byindege ni igenzura ryimitungo. Mubisanzwe, ibipimo byerekana imbaraga zo guhunika ubutaka bwa sima bupimwa. Icyitegererezo kiboneka muburyo bwo gucukura no gutobora, kandi bikozwe mubice bisanzwe. Nyuma yo kuzuza ibisabwa, igeragezwa ryumutungo wimbere nubukanishi rikorwa kugirango harebwe uburinganire bwubutaka bwa sima nuburyo bukoreshwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-23-2024