한국어
中文1. Nzira yekutsiva
. Izvi zvichachinja hunhu hwekubereka hwenheyo uye kuvandudza itst-deformation uye kugadzikana kugona.
Mapoinzi ekuvaka: Chera kunze kweiyo ivhu rashandurwe uye uteerere kugadzikana kwegomba mugomba; simbisa kunaka kweiyo filler; Iyo filler inofanira kuumbwa mumatunhu.
(2. Muviri wemurungu uye hwaro hwekutanga ivhu rinoumba hwaro hwekuzadzisa chinangwa chekuwedzera hwaro hunobereka hunogona uye kuderedza compress. Kuchinjisa kwekuchengetedza: kugona kwekutakura uye kugadziriswa kweiyo dombo rakapwanywa rinoenderana nehukuru hwekumanikidza kweiyo yekutanga ivhu. Iko kushaya simba kwekumanikidza, zvakaipisisa pamabwe akapwanyika matombo akapwanyika. Naizvozvo, iyi nzira inofanira kushandiswa nekuchenjerera kana ichishandiswa pane yakapfava ivhu nheyo ine simba rakanyanya kuderera.
. Muviri wemurapi uye iyo yekutanga ivhu ivhu rinoumba hwaro hwechibatanidzwa. Nekuda kwekunyura uye kudzungudza, ivhu rakanyungudutswa gare gare, pasi rinosimuka, uye kudzvinyirira kwemvura yakawandisa kwevhu rinowedzera. Kana iyo yakawandisa mvura kumanikidzwa kwemvura inosanganiswa, simba renzvimbo rinowedzerawo saizvozvo. Kuzvivakwa kwekudzivirira: Kana iyo filller ijecha uye guva neakanaka nekufungidzira kwakanaka, icho chinhu chakanaka chekudururwa chinongedzo.
2. Preloading nzira
(1. Pashure pokunge nheyo hurefu hwekutanga kupedzisa nguva zhinji dzekugara uye kugona kwekubereka kwenheyo kunotsanangurwa, mutoro unobviswa uye chivakwa chakavakwa. Maitiro ekuvaka uye pfungwa dzinokosha: a. Iyo preloading mutoro unowanzo kuve wakaenzana kana mukuru kune mutoro wekugadzira; b. Zvekurongedza-nzvimbo yakakura, rori yekurasa uye bulldozer inogona kushandiswa musanganiswa, uye yekutanga yekukuvara pane super-yakapfava ivhu rine manyoro kana basa remagetsi; c. Iyo yepamusoro yehupamhi yekukuvara inofanira kunge iri diki pane yepasi pehupamhi hwechivako, uye pasi racho raifanira kukudzwa zvakakodzera; d. Mutoro unoita pane hwaro haufanire kupfuura iyo yekupedzisira mutoro wehwaro.
. Iyo vacuum pombi inoshandiswa kudzingira iyo jecha cushion layer yekuumba kudzvanywa kwakashata pane iyo nheyo pasi pe membrane. Sezvo mhepo nemvura zviri mumugove zvinobviswa, ivhu resimbe rakabatanidzwa. Kuti ikurumidze kusanganisa, matsime emapurasitiki kana mapurasitiki emapurasitiki anogona kushandiswawo, izvo, mabhodhi ezvekudonha kana kuti akadhirowa asati agera jecha cushion layer uye geomembrane kupfupisa dhizaini yekudonha kure. Point dzekuvakira: Kutanga kuseta nzvimbo yekudonha Kana iyo nzvimbo yakakura, inopa zano rekuregedza munzvimbo dzakasiyana; ita kucherechedzwa pane vacuum degree, pasi pekugadziriswa, kugadziriswa kwakadzika, kutenderedza kudzikisira, nezvimwewo.; Mushure mekutakura, iyo sandomedanda uye humus layer inofanira kubviswa. Kutariswa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune zvinokanganiswa nenzvimbo dzakapoteredza.
. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo kuti zvizadzise chinangwa chekutanga nekudzikisira pasi pevhu remagariro uye kuvimba nekuzvirema kweiyo ivhu rerudo. Mapoinzi ekuvaka: kazhinji shandisa mwenje wakanyatsojeka, jet zvakanaka mapoinzi kana mapoinzi akadzika; Kana iyo ivhu raigara ivhu rakazara, silt, silt uye silty ivhu, zvinokurudzirwa kusanganisa nema electrodes.
. Pasi pechiitiko chemunda wakananga emagetsi emagetsi, mvura muvhu ichayerera kubva kuAyodde kune iyo cathode yekuumba magetsi. Usatendera mvura kuzadzikiswa neAnode uye shandisa vacuum kupamba mvura kubva patsime pane iyo cathode, kuitira kuti mvura yemvura yakaderedzwa uye zvirimo mumvura muvhu zvakadzikiswa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, hwaro hunosanganisirwa uye hwakavakirwa, uye simba rinovandudzwa. Iyo Electroosis nzira nzira inogona kushandiswawo mukubatana nekuregedza kuti ukure kusanganisa kwemasangano akaguta.
3. Combicction uye Tambing nzira
1. Iyo nzvimbo yekufananidza nzira inoshandisa bhuku rekutamba, kusimba-simba-simba rekutamba kwemashini, kuyerera kana kudengenyeka kwemazwi kuti uzive ivhu rakasununguka. Izvo zvinogona zvakare kuenzanisa iyo yakagadziriswa inozadza ivhu. Kana mvura yemvura yevhu pamusoro apa yakakwira kana mvura yemvura yekuzadza ivhu rakakwira, lime uye simende inogona kuiswa mumatemo yekufananidza ivhu.
2.. ZVINOKOSHA ZVINOKOSHA KUKOSHESA: Pamberi pekuvaka, kuyedza kunofanirwa kuitwa kuti uone zvakakodzera ma parammer, donhedhi yekunyepedzera, iyo yekupedzisira inonakidza huwandu hwenhamba dzinotyisa uye huwandu hwekunyura. kukwirira kweiyo pasi pegomba uye gomba usati wamping unofanirwa kunge wakakwira kupfuura dhizaini; Zvinyorwa zvinyoro-nyoro ivhu resimbe dzinofanira kudzorwa mukati meakarongeka zvinonyungudutswa zvemukati panguva yekutamba; yakakura-nharaunda timping inofanira kuitwa mukutevedzana; yakadzika yekutanga uye isina kudzika gare gare kana iyo yekukwazisa iyo yakasiyana; Munguva yekuvaka nguva yechando, kana ivhu racho rakatsvina, ivhu renzvimbo ine chando inofanira kucherwa kunze kana ivhu racho raifanira kunyungudika nekudziya; Mushure mekupedza, iyo yakasarudzika yepamusoro inofanira kubviswa munguva kana ivhu rakadonha rinofanira kutamaniswa kune dhizaini yekugadzira padanho rekudonha kweanenge 1m.
3. Kusimba kusimba ndiko kupfupika kwekutamba kwakasimba. Iyo inorema inodonhedza zvakasununguka kubva kunzvimbo yakakwirira, kushandisa simba rakakura kwazvo pane hwaro, uye kudzokorora kurambidza pasi. Chimiro chechisimba chiri mu ivhu rerudo hunoshandurwa, uye ivhu rinova dense, rinogona kuvandudza simba reruzivo uye kuderedza kuomarara. Maitiro ekuvaka ari seinotevera: 1) nhanho iyo nzvimbo; 2) Isa iyo graded gravel cushion layer; 3) Seta zvinyoro nyoro netyava yakasimba; 4) nhanho uye zadza iyo graded gravel cushion layer; 5) zvizere compact kamwe; 6) nhanho uye kuisa geotextile; 7) BackFLLILLIL YAKASHURE SLAG CHUHION DACE uye Rigure iyo shanu nekaviri neyekubvunda roller. Kazhinji, pamberi pehukuru hwesimba. Muedzo wakajairika unofanirwa kuitwa panzvimbo yenzvimbo isina nzvimbo inopfuura 400m2 kuitira kuti uwane data uye yekufambisa.
4. Compacting nzira
1 Nekuda kwekuparadzwa kwechimiro, chivakwa chivimbo chinogona kutamira kune yakaderera simba rechinzvimbo, kuitira kuti ivhu rinochinja kubva kusunungurwa kusvika kune dense.
Maitiro ekuvaka: (1) Level yekuvaka nzvimbo uye kuronga zvinzvimbo zvakashata; . . Dzokorora matanho ari pamusoro 1 kusvika ku2 kuita gadzi mumatope muhusuru. . Dzokorora nhanho iyi kusvika iyo yazvino pakadzika inosvika kune iyo yakatsanangurwa kuenzanisa ikozvino, uye rekodha huwandu hwe filler. . . Iyo yekutanga parameter inofanira kutsanangurwa kuburikidza ne-saiti murwi kugadzira bvunzo. . Madhaka akakomberedzwa pazasi peTangi anogona kucherwa kunze uye kutumirwa kunzvimbo yakatarwa yekuchengetedza. Mvura yakajeka yakadzika pamusoro peiyo tangi yedhiri inogona kushandiswazve. .
2.. neine hwaro hwekutanga.
3
5. Kusanganisa nzira
1. Yakakwirira-kumanikidza Jet Grouty nzira (yakakwirira-kumanikidza rotary nzira) inoshandisa yakanyanya kuderera kubva kune iyo jege Mushure mekusimbisa, inova yakasanganiswa murwi (column) muviri, iyo inoumba nheyo yemubatanidzwa pamwe chete nenheyo. Iyi nzira inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuumba chimiro chekuchengetedza kana chinoratidzira-kutsvaga.
2. Nzira yakadzika inosanganisa iyo nzira yakadzika inosangana inonyanya kushandiswa kusimbisa yakazara yakapfava ivhu. Inoshandisa simenti slurry uye simende (kana lime powder) seyekupaza maneji ekurapa kuti utumire kuumbwa Zvivakwa zvemuviri uye zvemakaniki zve coment ivhu mapini (makoramu) zvinoenderana neyekutevedzana kwekuita kwemuviri-chemakemikari pakati pekuporesa mumiririri uye ivhu. Huwandu hwekurapa mumiririri akawedzera, iwo maitiro ekusanganisa uye zvivakwa zvevhu ndizvo zvakakosha zvinhu zvinokanganisa zvivakwa zve coment ivhu (uye kunyange simba uye kusimba uye kusimba kwehurumende. Maitiro ekuvaka: Pashure pokunge murwi wapera, suka iyo ivhu maburi akaputirwa pamasangano ekusanganisa uye chiteshi chekusimbisa, uye fambisa mutyairi wedhirongo kune imwe nzvimbo chinzvimbo chekuvaka.
6. Reinforment nzira
(1. Inoshandisa yakarongedzwa polymers yakadai seplastics, makemikari, synthetic rabara, iyo yakaiswa mukati, pamusoro kana pakati peiyo gadziri yekusimbisa kana kuchengetedza ivhu. Geosyntthetics inogona kukamurwa kuva geotextiles, geomembranes, yakakosha geoosyntheticics uye kuyamwisa geosynthetics.
. Iro mbambo ivhu iri kusangana nevhu rakapoteredzwa pamwe chete nehurefu hwayo. Kuvimba nedudziro yekushambadzira kupokana pane yekuonana interface, inoumba ivhu revhu rine ivhu rakapoteredza. Iro mbambo ivhu rinongoiswa pasi pekumanikidza pasi pemamiriro ekuremara ivhu. Ivhu rinosimbiswa zvakanyanya kuburikidza nekuvhara kwayo basa. Iro rombo renzvimbo rinowanzogadzira imwe kona ine ndege, saka inonzi ishanduro isingazivikanwe. Zvipikiri zvevhu zvakakodzera kuti uwane hwaro hweTestation tsigiro uye kusimbiswa kusimbiswa kwekuziva kwekunze, kuvhara kwevhu, uye jecha rakasvibirira pamusoro pevhu kana mushure mekunyepedzera.
. Kusimbiswa kusimbiswa kwakaringana. Kazhinji, strip, mesh, uye zvigadzirwa zvisina kujairika zvine simba rakasimba reSimba, kurwisa kwakakura uye kurwisa kweshiri kunoshandiswa, senge mashizha eblemol; Aluminium Alloys, zvigadzirwa zve synthetic, nezvimwe.
7. Nzira yeGrouting
Shandisa mweya wekumanikidza, hydraulic kumanikidza kana nheyo dzeElectrochemical kujekesa humwe hunoswededza slurries kusvika mumavhenekodhi pakati pechivako uye nheyo. Iyo yekuburuka slurry inogona kuve simende slurry, comment dhizaini, clay slurry, limer, inoenderana neyakaora, yekubuditsa gumburu, ichisimbisa kukura uye kusimbisa kukura uye kururamisa kururamisa kukura. Zvinoenderana nenzira yeGreat Maitiro eGreat
8. Zvakajairika zvevakashata zvevhu rine ivhu uye hunhu hwavo
1. Nyoro nyoro yevhu yakapfava zvakare inonziwo ivhu rakapfava, rinova chidimbu chevhu vasina kusimba evhu. Yakanga yakaumbwa munguva yekupera kweQuaternary uye ndege dzevencous Ivhu rakajairika dzisina simba dzevhu dzakashongedzwa uye dzakapusa ivhu. Zvivakwa zvepanyama uye zvemuchina zvevhu zvakapfava zvinosanganisira zvinotevera zvikamu: (1) zvimiro zvepanyama zvinyoronyoro zvakakwirira, uye iyo plastiki index ip iri yakakura kupfuura 17, iri ivhu revhu. Dhavhu rakapfava rinonyanya kusviba, rakasviba, rine munhuwi akaipa, rine zvinhu zvakashata, uye ane zvemvura yakawanda zvemvura, kazhinji yakakura kupfuura 40%, nepo silt inogona zvakare kuve yakakura kupfuura 80%. Iyo porosity ratio inowanzoitika 1.0-20.0, pakati pekurapa kweiyo 1.0-1.5 inodaidzwa kuti silty ivhu, uye rorosity ratio yakakura kupfuura 1.5 inonzi yakadanwa silt. Nekuda kweshoko rakakwirira kwazvo, rakakwirira yemvura uye hupfumi hukuru, zvivakwa zvaro zvinoratidzawo hunhu hunoenderana - Simba rakadzika, rakanyanya kujairika, kuderera kwekunzwa uye kwakanyanya kunzwa. (2. Denga rakapfava, kunyanya silt, rine sensitivity yakanyanya, iyo zvakare inoratidza chinongedzo chinosiyanisa kubva kuGeneral Coly. Nyoro nyoro inoenderana kwazvo. Iyo yekumanikidza inoenderana yakakura kupfuura 0.5 MPA-1, uye inogona kusvika yakakwira ye45 mpa-1. Indekisi yekumanikidza inenge 0.35-0775. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, magumitari akapfava ane ivhu rakarongeka ivhu kana ivhu rakanyanyisa, asi mamwe ivhu matare, kunyanya akaisa ivhu ivhu, anogona kunge ari wevhu renyama. Iyo diki diki yekufungidzira coefficient ndechimwe chakakosha chikamu chevhu rakapfava, izvo zvinowanzoitika pakati pe10-5-8 cm / s. Kana iyo yekufungidzira coefficient idiki, iyo mwero wekubatanidza unononoka, kushushikana kunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kugadzikana kwekugadzirisa kunononoka, uye simba reruzivo rinowedzera zvishoma zvishoma. Hunhu uhwu chinhu chakakosha chinonyanya kurambidza zvakanyanya maitiro ekurapa ekurapa uye kurapwa maitiro. . Zviri nyore kushomeka uye kusaenzana mushure mekutakura; chiyero chekushongedza chakakura uye nguva yakasimba inguva yakareba; Iyo ine maitiro ekudzikira fungidziro, iyo thiskotropy uye yakakwirira rheology. Inowanzo shandisa nzira dzekurapa dzekurapa dzinosanganisira kurongedza nzira, kutsiva nzira, kusanganisa nzira, nezvimwe.
2. Iyo iganda renguvo rasara kana rakaunganidzwa nehupenyu hwevanhu uye zviitiko zvekugadzira. Idzi dzimba dzevarwi dzinopatsanurwa muzvikamu zvitatu: Kuvakwa marara ivhu, marara emarara ivhu uye maindasitiri ekugadzira marara ivhu. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemarara ivhu uye ivhu remugarava rakaunganidzwa panguva dzakasiyana dzakaoma kutsanangura nezviratidzo zvisina kufanira, zvinoratidza zviratidzo. Hunhu hukuru hwekuzadza miscellaneous zvakaunganidzwa zvisina kurongwa, kuumbwa kwakaoma, zvivakwa zvakasiyana, zvakaringana, kusanzwisisika uye kusarongeka. Naizvozvo, iyo saiti imwechete inoratidza iri pachena misiyano mukumanikidza uye simba, iyo iri nyore kwazvo kukonzera kugariswa zvisina kufanana, uye kazhinji kunoda kurapwa kwehunyanzvi.
3 Mumakore achangopfuura, zvakange zvichishandiswa zvakanyanya mumhirizhonga yemhenderekedzo yegungwa uye yekudzoreredza mafashama. Iyo Dutu-Dud Damu (zvakare inonzi zadza DAD) inowanzoonekwa munzvimbo yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero idadhi yakavakwa neyezadza ivhu. Iyo nheyo yakaumbwa nekuzadza ivhu inogona kutorwa serudzi rwehupfumi hwakasikwa. Its enjiniya zvivakwa zvinonyanya kutsamira pane zvivakwa zvekuzadza ivhu. Zadza hwaro hwakawandisa hunowanzo kuve nehunhu hunotevera hunokosha. . Pedyo nematope inlet, zvidimbu zvidimbu zvinoiswa pakutanga. Kure nematope ematope, zvimedu zvakabhadharwa zvinova wakanaka. Panguva imwecheteyo, pane kuoneka kuri pachena munzira yakadzika. . Mushure mekuzadza kwapera, iyo nzvimbo inowanzo kuve yakavezwa mushure mekuputika kwemusikirwo, uye zvirimo zvemvura zvakadzikira zvakanyanya. Nekudaro, iyo yakaderera ivhu inozadza ichiri mumamiriro ekuyerera kana mamiriro ekudonha ari murombo. Iyo yakanakira kuzadza ivhu zvivimbo, zvakanyatsojeka chiitiko ichi. . Izvi zvinodaro nekuti ivhu rinozadza riri mumamiriro ekunze. Nheyo dzekumashure zvishoma nezvishoma inosvika kune yakajairika consolidation mamiriro sezvo nguva yakatarwa inowedzera. Zvivakwa zvaro zvejinjini zvinoenderana nekuumbwa kwemukati, kufanana, kudhirage consage consolidation mamiriro uye iyo nguva yekutevera mushure mekudzokera kumashure.
4 Nekudaro, apo kudengenyeka kweVibration (kudengenyeka, kudengenyeka, nezvimwewo) Mabasa akasununguka jecha jecha Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo ivhu renje rakarongedzwa zvakasununguka uye chinzvimbo chezvikamu zvacho chakaiswa pasi pechiitiko chekunze kuita chiyero chitsva, icho chinoburitsa yakakwira mvura yekumanikidza kwemvura uye kushushikana kwakakura kunodzora nekukurumidza nekukurumidza. Chinangwa chekurapa iyi nheyo ndechekuita kuti ive yakawanda compact uye kubvisa iyo mukana we liquefaction iri pasi pemutoro wesimba. Nzira dzepamhirowa dzakaringana dzinosanganisira nzira yekuwedzera, nzira yeViBroflotation, nezvimwe.
5. Kudonhedza ngaritore ivhu rinokosha rakakosha kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kweiyo ivhu rekuremerwa kwevhu, kana pasi pekuwedzera kushushikana, kunonzi ivhu rinopindirana, rinova ivhu rinokosha. Vamwe vanozadza vanozadza ivhu zvakare vanodzvanywa. Loess kugoverwa zvakanyanya kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwenyika, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, Central China uye zvikamu zveEast China huri kuwanda. . Pakutakura kuvaka kweinjiniya pane inodonhedza looses Nheyo, zvinokonzerwa nekukuvara kwakakonzerwa nekuwedzera nzira dzekuparadza, uye sarudza kuhukura kwetsiva kana kukuvadza kunokonzerwa nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekudonha.
6. Kupinza ivhu reMamineral chikamu chevhu rekuwedzera inonyanya kujairika Montmortilonite, iyo ine hydrophilikuti yakasimba. Inowedzera muurayi kana uchirova mvura uye inodonha muzwi kana uchirasikirwa nemvura. Uku kuwedzera uye kusarudzika kurongedza kazhinji kwakakura kwazvo uye kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwezvivakwa. Ivhu rinoparadzirwa rinogoverwa munyika yangu, vakadai saGuangxi, Yunnan, Henan, HenIan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Anhu, Jiangsu nedzimwe nzvimbo, nekugoverwa kwakasiyana. Ivhu rekuwedzera rudzi rwakakosha rwevhu. Nzira dzakajairika dzekurapa dzekurapa dzinosanganisira ivhu rekutsiva, kuvandudzwa kwekusvika, kuyambuka, uye zviyero zveinjiniya kuti zvidzivirire zvinochinja muhupombwe hwavhu.
7. Ivhu ivhu uye peat ivhu kana ivhu rine zvakasiyana organic zvine basa, ivhu rakasiyana organic richaumbwa. Kana iyo organic yakakosha inopfuura ine zvimwe zvirimo, ivhu rakaumbwa richaumbwa. Iyo ine zvimiro zvakasiyana enjinjini. Yakakwira iyo organic zvinhu zvemukati, zvakakura zvakanakira mhando, iyo inonyanya kuratidzwa mune yakaderera simba uye yakanyanya kujairika. Izvo zvakare zvine mhedzisiro dzakasiyana pakubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana enjinjini zvinhu, izvo zvine chekuita nemhedzisiro yekuvaka yeinjiniya kana kurapwa kwehunyanzvi.
8. Ruzivo rweGomo rinovhara magariro emakomo ehupfumi ivhu rakaoma, rinonyanya kuratidzwa mukusaenzana kwehwaro uye kugadzikana kwesaiti. Nekuda kwekumanikidza kwenzvimbo yakasikwa uye mamiriro ekugadzira ivhu renheyo, panogona kunge paine matombo makuru munzvimbo iyi, uye nzvimbo yesaiti inogona zvakare kuve neyakaipisisa phenomena yakadai seyakagara, madslides, uye nzvimbo inotsvedza. Ivo vachaisa zvakananga kana zvinogona kutyisidzira kuzvivakwa. Kana uchigadzira zvivakwa pamakomo emakomo, kutarisirwa kwakakosha kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune faindi yezvipatara zvinhu uye zvakashata zviitiko, uye hwaro hunofanirwa kurapwa pazvinenge zvichidikanwa.
9. Karst muKarst nzvimbo, pane kakawanda mapako kana pasi mapundu, karst vaenzi, karst clevices, etcer. Ivo vane chakanyanya kukanganisika pazvivakwa uye vanonzwisisika kushomeka kusingafanani, kudonha uye kuderera kwetsimbe. Naizvozvo, kurapwa kwakakodzera kunofanirwa kuitwa vasati vazvvaka zvivakwa.
Kutumira Nguva: Jun-17-2024