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中文Indlela yokwakha ejikelezayo negcwele isikhwama ibizwa ngokuthi indlela ye-SUPERTOP e-Japan. I-Steel casing isetshenziselwa ukuvikela udonga ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakhiwa kwemigodi. Inezici zekhwalithi enhle yenqwaba, akukho ukungcoliswa kodaka, indandatho eluhlaza, kanye ne-coefficient yokugcwalisa ukhonkolo encishisiwe. Ingakwazi ukuxazulula ngokuphumelelayo izinkinga zokuwa kwemigodi, ukuncipha kwentamo, kanye ne-coefficient yokugcwalisa ephezulu eyenzeka lapho kusetshenziswa izindlela ezijwayelekile ekwakhiweni kwenqwaba ye-cast-in-place endaweni egcwele yasemadolobheni kanye ne-karst landforms.
Ukumba amadwala
I-drill ejikelezayo ngokugcwele ine-torque eqinile, amandla okungena kanye nekhanda lokusika, elingaqedela imisebenzi yokwakhiwa kwamatshe aqinile. Ubulukhuni betshe obungabholwa bungafinyelela: amandla okucindezela uniaxial 150-200MPa; ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphelele kokusika, isetshenziswe kabanzi ekusikeni: amabhlogo wekhonkrithi, ama-bolts anamandla amakhulu, izinqwaba ze-H, izinqwaba zamapayipi ensimbi nokunye ukwakhiwa kokuhlanza.
Ukwakhiwa kwenqwaba endaweni ngokusebenzisa imigede
Izinsimbi zokumba ezijikelezayo ngokugcwele zinezinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa ekwakhiweni komhume ngaphezu kwezinye izinqubo zokwakha: azidingi ukugcwaliswa kwamadwala noma i-casing eyengeziwe. Ngokusebenza kwayo okuhle kokulungiswa okuqondile, ukusebenza kokulawula okuzenzakalelayo kwejubane lokumba, ukucindezela kokubhola, kanye ne-torque, ingakwazi ukuqedela kalula umsebenzi wokubhoboza emhumeni. Lapho uthela ukhonkolo emhumeni, kwenziwa ku-casing, futhi ukhonkolo ngokungezwa kwe-ejenti yokumisa ngokushesha akulula ukulahlekelwa. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-rig yokumba inamandla anamandla okudonsa, ingabambezela ukudonsa. Ngakho-ke, ingakwazi ukuqedela umsebenzi wokwakha wezinqwaba ezifakwe endaweni emhumeni.
Ukunemba okuphezulu okuqondile
Ingakwazi ukufeza ukunemba okuqondile kwe-1/500 (imishini yokumba i-rotary ingafinyelela ku-1/100), okungenye yezinqubo zesisekelo senqwaba ezinokunemba okuphezulu kakhulu okuqondile emhlabeni.
1. Ukucushwa kwemishini yokwakha inqwaba ejikelezayo ngokugcwele
Imishini nezingxenye eziyinhloko:
1. Irigi yokumba ejikelezayo: ukwakhiwa kwembobo
2. Ibhokisi lensimbi: ukuvikela udonga
3. Isiteshi sikagesi: sinikeza amandla enjini eyinhloko ejikelezayo ngokugcwele
4. Imfoloko yokusabela: inikeza amandla okusabela ukuvimbela injini eyinhloko ukuthi ingaguquki ngesikhathi sokuzungezisa okugcwele
5. Igumbi lokusebenza: isiteji sokusebenza, indawo yokusebenza yabasebenzi
Izisetshenziswa ezisizayo:
1. I-Rotary drilling rig noma ukubamba: ukukhishwa kwenhlabathi, ukungena kwamadwala, ukuhlanzwa kwemigodi
2. Umshini wokuthungatha amapayipi: ukukhishwa kwepayipi, ukujikeleza okugcwele ukwenza umsebenzi wokugeleza
3. I-crawler crane: ukuphakamisa umshini omkhulu, isiteshi samandla, imfoloko yokusabela, njll.; ukuhlinzeka ngokusekela imfoloko yokusabela; ukuphakamisa ikheji lensimbi, ipayipi likakhonkolo, inhlabathi yokubamba, njll.;
4. I-Excavator: ukulinganisa isayithi, ukusula i-slag, njll.
二.Inqubo yokwakhiwa kwenqwaba yensimbi ejikelezayo egcwele
1. Ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokulungiselela ukwakhiwa ukulinganisa indawo. Njengoba i-rig yokumba inkulu futhi inezinsiza eziningi ezihlobene, kunezidingo ezithile zokufinyelela iziteshi nezinkundla zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, ukulungiswa kokwakhiwa kudinga ukucabangela imigudu yokwakha kanye nezindiza zokusebenza ezidingekayo ekusebenzeni okufana nokucubungula nokukhiqizwa kwekheji lensimbi yensimbi, ukuthuthwa kwe-slag, ukuphakamisa nokufakwa kwekheji lensimbi, kanye nokuthulula ukhonkolo wesisekelo senqwaba.
2. Isilinganiso nesakhiwo
Okokuqala, buyekeza ngokucophelela izixhumanisi, ukuphakama kanye neminye imininingwane efanele enikezwe imidwebo yokuklama. Ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi zilungile, sebenzisa isiteshi esiphelele ukuze ubeke indawo yenqwaba. Ngemva kokuba isikhungo senqwaba seyenziwe, dweba umugqa onqamulayo eduze nendawo yenqwaba ibe yi-1.5m kude bese wenza uphawu lokuvikela inqwaba.
3. Injini eyinhloko ejikelezayo ngokugcwele isendaweni
Ngemva kokukhululwa kwephuzu, phakamisa i-chassis ejikelezayo ngokugcwele, futhi isikhungo se-chassis kufanele sihambisane nendawo ephakathi kwenqwaba. Bese uphakamisa injini eyinhloko, uyifake ku-chassis, futhi ekugcineni ufake imfoloko yokusabela.
4. Phakamisa futhi ufake i-casing yensimbi
Ngemva kokuba injini eyinhloko isisendaweni, phakamisa futhi ufake i-casing yensimbi.
5. Kala futhi ulungise ukuma
Ngemuva kokuthi umshini wokumba i-rotary usendaweni, yenza ukubhola okujikelezayo, bese ucindezela phansi i-casing ngenkathi ujikeleza ukushayela i-casing, ukuze i-casing ibhojwe ngokushesha ekubunjweni. Lapho umba i-casing yensimbi, sebenzisa umugqa wokuqondisa ukuze ulungise ukuma kwe-casing kuzikhombisi-ndlela ze-XY.
6. Ukumba i-casing kanye nokukhipha inhlabathi
Ngenkathi i-casing ibholwa phansi, i-crane isetshenziselwa ukukhulula ibhakede lokubamba eduze kodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-casing ukuya phansi kwembobo ukuze kukhishwe inhlabathi ngokubamba noma ukusebenzisa i-rotary rig yokumba ukuze kukhishwe inhlabathi.
7. Ukwenziwa kanye nokufakwa kwekheji lensimbi
Ngemva kokubhoboza endaweni eklanyelwe ukuphakama, hlanza imbobo. Ngemva kokuphumelela ukuhlolwa nokwamukelwa yinhlolovo yomhlaba, ukugada kanye neQembu A, faka ikheji yensimbi.
8. Ukuthelwa kukakhonkolo, ukukhipha i-casing, nokuthela inqwaba
Ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-cage yensimbi, uthele ukhonkolo. Ngemuva kokuthi ukhonkolo uthululelwe ekuphakameni okuthile, khipha i-casing. I-casing ingakhishwa kusetshenziswa umshini wokukhipha ipayipi noma umshini oyinhloko ojikelezayo ngokugcwele.
三,. Izinzuzo zokwakhiwa kokujikeleza okugcwele:
I-1 Ingakwazi ukuxazulula ukwakhiwa kwenqwaba ezindaweni ezikhethekile, izimo ezikhethekile zokusebenza kanye ne-strata eyinkimbinkimbi, ngaphandle komsindo, akukho vibration nokusebenza okuphezulu kokuphepha;
I-2 Ayisebenzisi udaka, indawo yokusebenza ihlanzekile, ingagwema ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi udaka lungene kukhonkolo, olusiza ekuthuthukiseni amandla esibopho sikakhonkolo emigodweni yensimbi; ivimbela ukubuyela emuva komhlabathi, ayiklwebheli udonga lwembobo lapho iphakamisa i-drill futhi yehlisa ikheji lensimbi, futhi inemfucumfucu encane yokumba;
3 Lapho wakha i-rig yokumba, ingakwazi ukwahlulela ngokunembile i-stratum kanye nezici zedwala;
4 Isivinini sokumba siyashesha, esingafinyelela cishe ku-14m/h ezingqimbeni zomhlabathi ezijwayelekile;
5 Ukujula kokumba kukhulu, futhi ukujula okuphezulu kungafinyelela cishe ku-80m ngokwezimo zongqimba lomhlabathi;
6 Ukuma kwembobo kulula ukukuqonda, futhi ukuphakama kunganemba ku-1/500;
7 Akulula ukukhiqiza ukugoqa kwembobo, izinga lembobo liphezulu, phansi kuhlanzekile, isivinini siyashesha, futhi inzika ingasuswa cishe ku-30mm;
8 Ububanzi bembobo bujwayelekile futhi i-coefficient yokugcwalisa incane. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokwakhiwa kwemigodi, inani elikhulu likakhonkolo lingagcinwa.
Imbobo yokumba ejikelezayo igoqeke kabi ngenxa yokuthi ungqimba lomhlabathi ongemuva lwaluwugqinsi kakhulu futhi luqukethe amatshe amakhulu.
Umthelela wokwenza izimbobo we-casing egcwele
Izinsimbi zokumba ezijikelezayo azisetshenziselwa kuphela ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo senqwaba ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi njenge-quicksand, i-karst landforms, kanye nokugcwaliswa kwenqwaba ephezulu, kodwa futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwenqwaba elumayo, amakholomu ensimbi ongaphansi komhlaba, kanye nokususwa kwenqwaba.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-03-2024